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What is a Pergola With a Roof Called? (And Other Structure Names)
What is a pergola with a roof called? The short answer depends on how the roof is built. A pergola with a solid, permanent roof is usually called a pavilion. A pergola without a roof is known as a traditional pergola or trellis. If the structure uses fabric for coverage, it is typically called a canopy.
These names are more than technical labels. They influence cost, durability, maintenance, and how often the space can realistically be used. Knowing the difference helps you choose the right structure for your yard, climate, and lifestyle.
What is a Pergola With a Roof Called?
Once a roof is added, pergolas often take on a new name. The type of roof, how permanent it is, and whether the structure connects to your home all play a role. Some options focus on full weather protection, while others balance shade with airflow.
Below are the most common roofed pergola-style structures and how they differ.
1. The Pavilion: The Permanent Solid-Roof Option
A pavilion, like Forest Melody Pavilion, is the clearest answer when someone asks what a pergola with a roof is called. It features a fixed, solid roof and open sides, creating a space that feels both sheltered and open. Because the roof is permanent, pavilions offer reliable protection from rain, sun, and even snow.
These structures are commonly used for outdoor dining areas, kitchens, and seating spaces that stay in use throughout the year. If the space feels like an outdoor room rather than a shade feature, it is likely a pavilion.
2. The Louvered Pergola: The Adjustable Roof
Louvered pergolas offer a more flexible approach to coverage. Instead of a fixed roof, they use adjustable slats that open and close depending on weather conditions. This allows you to control sunlight, airflow, and rain protection throughout the day.
Many louvered pergolas are motorized and built from aluminum, making them popular in modern outdoor designs. They are ideal for homeowners who want both control and a sleek appearance.
3. The Attached Patio Cover
When a roofed structure is physically connected to the house, it is usually referred to as an attached patio cover. These structures extend indoor living space outdoors and create shaded areas directly outside doors or windows.
Attached patio covers often use solid roofing materials such as shingles, metal panels, or polycarbonate sheets. They provide consistent shade and protection while blending into the home’s architecture.
4. The Gazebo
A gazebo is a fully roofed, freestanding structure that typically features a round or octagonal shape. Many gazebos include a built-in floor, and some come with railings or screens for added enclosure.
Compared to pergolas, gazebos feel more enclosed and intentional. They are often used as destination seating areas rather than transitional spaces within a yard.
Related: What's the Difference Between Pergola and Gazebo?
What is a Pergola Without a Roof Called?
A pergola without a roof is not incomplete. In fact, this design reflects the original definition of a pergola. These structures focus on creating form, filtered light, and airflow rather than full weather protection.
Several variations fall under this category.
1. The Traditional Pergola (Open-Rafter System)
The traditional pergola features vertical posts supporting open rafters across the top. There is no solid roofing material, allowing sunlight to pass through while still providing some shade.
This style works especially well in mild climates and is often paired with climbing plants. It creates structure and visual interest without enclosing the space.
2. The Trellis or Arbour
Trellises and arbours are smaller, decorative structures designed primarily to support plants. They are commonly used in gardens, over walkways, or as entry features rather than full seating areas.
While they offer minimal shade, they add charm and character. Their purpose is more aesthetic than functional.
3. The Grid-Top Pergola
A grid-top pergola uses evenly spaced cross-beams to create visual shade. This design softens sunlight without blocking rain, making it a good option in warmer regions.
The grid pattern adds architectural interest and works well when airflow is more important than weather protection.
Pergola vs. Canopy: Understanding the Differences
Pergolas and canopies are often grouped together, but they serve very different roles. Understanding the distinction helps prevent disappointment when weather or durability becomes an issue.
The differences come down to structure, materials, and intended use.
1. Structural Permanence
Pergolas are permanent structures that are anchored into the ground. They're designed to stay in place year-round and function as part of the landscape.
Canopies, on the other hand, are temporary or semi-permanent. They're meant to be set up, taken down, or moved as needed.
2. Material Differences
Pergolas are typically built from wood, vinyl, or metal frames. These materials are chosen for long-term outdoor exposure and structural strength.
Canopies rely on fabric covers stretched over lightweight frames. Polyester and polyethylene are the most common materials used.
3. Pop-Up Canopies vs. Retractable Pergola Canopies
Pop-up canopies are affordable and easy to transport. They work well for events, markets, and short-term shade needs.
Retractable pergola canopies are integrated systems built into pergola frames. They are designed for daily use and greater durability, which is reflected in their higher cost.
4. Wind and Weather Ratings
Pergolas are engineered to handle wind, rain, and ongoing exposure to the elements. Many meet specific wind and snow load ratings.
Canopies perform best in calm conditions. Strong winds can damage or collapse them, making them unsuitable for frequent or long-term use.
Different Types of Roofing and Coverage Materials
Roofing materials shape how a structure performs and how it feels. Some prioritize protection, while others focus on light and airflow.
Here are the most common options used for pergolas and related structures.
1. Fixed Metal and Shingle Roofs
Fixed metal and shingle roofs provide the highest level of weather protection. They block rain completely and hold up well over time.
These roofs are commonly used on pavilions and attached patio covers. They also add long-term value to outdoor spaces.
2. Polycarbonate and Clear Panels
Polycarbonate panels block rain while still allowing light to pass through. This keeps outdoor areas bright without leaving them exposed.
They are often used near windows or doors where natural light is important.
3. Shade Sails
Shade sails are fabric panels installed at angles to create modern, sculptural shade, like in Balance Trex Pergola. They block sunlight effectively but offer limited rain protection.
This option works well for contemporary designs and open layouts.
4. Natural Green Roofs
Green roofs rely on climbing plants such as wisteria or grapevines to create shade over time. Coverage improves as plants mature, offering a more organic look.
Seasonal changes add visual interest, but maintenance is required.
Key Comparisons: Choosing Your Coverage Level
Choosing the right structure depends on how often the space will be used and in what conditions. Climate and lifestyle both play a role.
Here’s how the main options compare.
Maximum Rain Protection
Pavilions, like Glazier Hideaway Pavilion, and solid patio covers provide the most reliable rain protection. They are best for spaces used frequently or year-round.
Optimal Airflow and Sunlight
Roofless pergolas perform best in mild climates. They keep outdoor areas open, airy, and visually light.
Portability and Cost
Canopies are the most affordable option and easy to move. They are well-suited for temporary events and short-term shade needs.
Naming Your Ideal Outdoor Space
So, what is a pergola with a roof called? If the roof is solid and permanent, it is usually a pavilion. If the roof adjusts, it is a louvered pergola. If fabric provides the coverage, it is a canopy.
The right name reflects how permanent, protected, and flexible you want your outdoor space to be.